This paper presents the findings of an experimental research program that was conducted to study the structural behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beams that had been externally strengthened with various types of kenaf fiber reinforced polymer composite laminates with 50% fiber volume content. Kenaf [etymology: Persian], ... Over 20 years, 1-acre (4,000 m 2) of farmland can produce 10 to 20 times the amount of fiber that 1-acre (4,000 m 2) of Southern pine can produce. Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus IL.) Kenaf fiber is extracted from the bast of the annual fast growing plant named Hibiscus cannabinus. kenaf fiber/ epoxy obtained at the same composition (30 wt.%), caused of 1 cm long kenaf fibers were more evenly dispersed in the matrix (epoxy resin). Retting is the process of removing unwanted bark material from kenaf fiber strands. It is native in Africa. The fiber makeup of kenaf and hemp is significantly different. The barrel temperature was increased stepwise by 5 °C from 155 °C in the entering zone to 170 °C in the nozzle zone. Jute and Kenaf / 469 Staple length, as applied to cotton and wool fibers, has no counterpart in the base fi-bers, and, as a preliminary to spinning, it is necessary to break up the sheaths by a carding process. fiber types; the bark of the kenaf stalk contains the long fiber strands that are composed of many individual smaller bast fibers. Literature Cited. The Team also undertakes market reviews, outlook appraisals and projections, and provides assistance to developing countries in designing and implementing national policies for those agricultural commodities which enter into international trade. Crude protein in kenaf leaves ranged from 14% to 34% (Killinger 1969; Suriyajantratong et al. Immediate online access to all issues from 2019. Kenaf fiber has the potential to replace synthetic fibers due to its low density, medium range tensile strength and stiffness, and extremely low cost of raw materials [12]. Mohanty S. et al. Decorticated kenaf stalks were retted by bacterial and chemical processes. After the fibers has been extracted and separated, Kenaf powder was processed from the inner fiber (core) of the Kenaf stalk. Instant access to the full article PDF. Therefore the main objective of the paper is to investigate the performance of co-cured single lap shear joints kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) fiber reinforced plastic composites by varying the overlapping length namely 0 mm, 10 mm, 20 mm, 30 mm and 40 mm. The plant able to reach the height of more than 3 m with a base diameter of 3 to5 cm (Akil et al. Kenaf Fibers and Composites. Hybrid composites were prepared by laminating aramid fabric (Kevlar 29) with kenaf in three orientations (woven, 0 o /90 o cross ply uniâdirectional (UD), and nonâwoven mat) with different kenaf fiber loadings from 15 to 20% and total fiber loading (Kenaf and Kevlar) of 27â49%. Kenaf fiber length of 3 cm look more agglomerate in the matrix, thus reducing the impact strength obtained [11-15]. Upon harvest, the whole kenaf plant is processed in a mechanical fiber separator, similar to a cotton gin. The PP/kenaf/MWCNT composites were prepared using 10 to 40 wt % of kenaf ï¬bers and 1 to 4 wt % of MWCNTs (Table1) with the Sigma Blade Mixer Model Z (Winkworth Machinery Ltd., Stroudley Rd, Basingstoke, UK). Kenaf are an annual plant that usually takes 4 months for it to grow. Rent this article via DeepDyve. Kenaf ( hibiscus cannabinus,L) is an annual fiber crop related to cotton and okra. The bast constitutes 40% of the plant. US$ 99. This project has been to demonstrate the viability of using kenaf fiber and plastics in producing thermoplastic composites. As one of the world's important natural fibres, kenaf is covered by the International Year of Natural Fibres 2009. As-received kenaf fiber (1 mm in diameter) is in the form of yarn as in Figure 1(a). 2011). KENAF - PROMISING NEW FIBER CROP L. H. Princen griculture always should be on the lookout for potentially new crops from the vast resources of the kingdom of wild plants. Polyethylene glycol (PEG 20 15 1000) from Sigma-Aldrich was used as plasticizer for 10 PLA. 1. Checkout. Kenaf plant grows quickly around four to five months after sowing the seeds. This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction. Then, this kenaf yarn is weaved to form twill woven-type mats as in Figure 1(b). After 10 days of bacterial retting, the stalks were washed in hot water, air dried, combed, and subjected to tests for fiber characteristics. Kenaf is cultivated for its fiber in India, Bangladesh, U.S., Indonesia, Malaysia, South Africa, Viet Nam, Thailand, and parts of Africa, and to a small extent in southeast Europe. After harvesting, The post harvesting activities would involve retting processes. Natural Fibers. The cement has a specific gravity of 3.15, and an initial and final setting time of 88 and 146 minutes, respectively. Grown for its fiber and seed oil, kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.) is a versatile plant that eas- ily adapts to a wide range of climate and soil types. The hybridization technique was introduced to enhance the mechanical performances of composite materials wherein two different types of reinforcements were employed to form a hybrid composite. Kenaf is known as the natural fiber that content highly composition of cellulose and renewable fibers. The thermal stability of biocomposites was improved slightly by the incorporation of kenaf fibers into TPSS matrices. US$ 39.95. The void content varies between 11.5â37.7% to laminate with UD and nonâwoven mat, respectively. Kenaf is a type of fast growing plant and it can grow to a height about 3.5 to 4.5 meters within a 5 month. Composites From Kenaf Fiber and Plasticized Poly(lactic acid) (12th Asian Chemical Congress (12ACC), 23rd â 25th August 2007, Putra World Trade Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia) 209. Kenaf has a large, light yellow, bell-shaped flower with a widely open corolla. The tensile analysis showed a linear increase in strength and modulus upon increasing fiber content until it reached an optimum at 30 wt.% fiber loading. Injection molding process was carried out by using an injection machine (PRO-WD 80, Dong Shin Co., Changwon, Korea). Article/chapter can not be redistributed. The performance of kenaf fibre composite elements was evaluated in tension and bending to assess the strength of the structural bonds. Has been identified as a viable non-wood fiber source for industrial fiber use. Research indicates that it has high protein content (Clark and Wolff 1969; Killinger 1969). Subscription will auto renew annually. Article/chapter can be downloaded. Download Full PDF Package. Kenaf fiber is gaining attention as an alternative reinforcement for composite products due to low cost, reduced environmental impact, and attractive mechanical properties. In the composite industry, mature kenaf fiber have been employed as fiber reinforcements to various matrices. IJRRAS 12 (1) July 2012 Udoeyo & Adetifa Kenaf Fiber-Reinforced Mortar Composites 19 Ashaka brand of ordinary Portland cement-a type 1 cement conforming to ASTM C150 was used. The processingâstructureâproperty relations of the developed kenaf fiber high-density polyethylene composite are systematically studied, which can be broadly applied to other natural fiber composites. Article/chapter can be printed. Subscribe to journal. The mold temperature was 80 °C . The kenaf fiber contents were 10, 20, and 30% by weight. After that duration, the plant is normally ready to be harvest. Unlimited viewing of the article/chapter PDF and any associated supplements and figures. Whereas a kenaf stalk consists of approximately 40% bast fiber and 60% core fiber, the hemp stalk is made up of 25% bast fiber, with primary and secondary layers, and 75% core or "hurds" as they are referred to in relation to hemp. Taxes to be calculated in checkout. Bacterial retting was done in troughs at a temperature of 30 ± 2°C. Abdullahi et al. It is used for industrial products, can also be utilized as a cost effective and environmentally acceptable approach to the creation of a partially biodegradable molded grade biocomposite. Summary. Studies have shown that the addition of kenaf fibers have improved the mechanical properties of neat polymers (Azwa and Yousif, 2013). This paper ... 40 reinforcement was chopped kenaf bast fiber of 35 30 approximately 2 mm obtained from Forest Research 25 Institute Malaysia (FRIM). The flowers are 8 to 10 cm in diameter with five petals (Hâng et al., 2009). Ofthe approximately 250,000 to 300,000 known plant species, less than 100 are grown commercially in the United State for food, feed, or industrial uses at economic impact levels above $1 million. The kenaf plant growth under a wide range of weather conditions. Figure 1: The Kenaf: (a) Its Plant, (b) Bast View and (c) Kenaf Fibers Alkali treatment is a common method to clean and modify the fiber surface and enhance interfacial adhesion between a natural fiber and a polymeric matrix. 5 Its fibers are used to produce e.g. The woody core material of the stalk which is the portion remaining when the bark is removed contains core fibers. 5 0 0 10 20 30 40 Compounding and sample preparation Fiber content (wt%) Melt compounding of PLA, PEG, and KBF ⦠Learn more about Institutional subscriptions. The jute or kenaf fiber or commerce refers to the sheath extracted from the plant stems, whereas a single fiber is a cell bundle forming one of the links of the mesh. This research investigated the low-velocity impact performance of glass, kenaf, and hybrid glass/kenaf reinforced epoxy composite plates. Kenaf has two fibers: the outer fiber called "bast" and comprises roughly 40% of the stalk's dry weight and the whiter, inner fiber called "core". Although kenaf is usually considered a fiber crop, the entire kenaf plant, stalk (core and bark), and leaves, can be used as a livestock feed. Kenaf usually produce in large amount as it is has high adaption and easily grow. Kenaf Fibers and Composites covers the breadth of these exciting materials, from raw material preparation to application in a variety of products. kenaf fiber is a traditional third world crop after wood and bamboo which originated from Asia and Africa. jute, kenaf and allied fibres, sugar, and tea. high quality paper, biocomposites for car door trimmings and interior shelving, bioplastics, build- (11) The fiber structure is significantly different. The fiber in Kenaf is found in the bast (bark) and core (wood). In 1999, the evaluation of kenaf adaptability to the tropical climate of Malaysia was the primary concern of scientists and agriculturists. FTIR results indicated a change in the functional group of the biocomposites. This condition causes a perfect bond between kenaf fiber as reinforcement and the matrix [8, 9]. Among available agricultural fibers, kenaf fiber widely adopted as a reinforcement in polymer composites to form kenaf reinforced polymer matrix composites. 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