After the defeat of the Sikhs in the First Anglo-Sikh War, the state of Jammu and Kashmir was established as a separate princely state under British suzerainty. China also built the Karakoram highway jointly with Pakistan. The adult male has a dark ruff from its throat to the breast. The Tibetan wolf, which sometimes preys on the livestock of the Ladakhis, is the most persecuted amongst the predators. CATTLE BREEDING, LUMBERING ARE THEIR MAIN OCCUPATION. The main occupation engaging the working force is cultivation (37.92%), agriculture labour (4.28%), household industry (1.24%) and other works (56.56%). Ladakh, Popularly known as the 'The Small Tibet', has the influence of Buddhism and Tibetan culture. Many of us have travelled to Ladakh. […] He was succeeded by Mehta Mangal whose decade long reign from 1875 to 1885 […]", sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFKaulKaul1992 (, sfn error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFKaul1998 (, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, "A Brief History of Ladakh:A Himalayan Buddhist Kingdom", https://kashmirlife.net/ladakh-division-headquarters-to-shuttle-between-leh-and-kargil-governor-malik-201719/, Already, Rajya Sabha Clears J&K As Union Territory Instead Of State, "Article 370 revoked Updates: Jammu & Kashmir is now a Union Territory, Lok Sabha passes bifurcation bill", http://www.prsindia.org/sites/default/files/bill_files/Jammu%20and%20Kashmir%20Reorganisation%20Bill%2C%202019.pdf, http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2019/210412.pdf, https://www.dailyexcelsior.com/lahdc-act-would-continue-and-the-amendments-of-2018-to-be-protected-governor/, Minser Enclave was part of Ladakh since the 1684 Treaty of Temisgang signed between Tibet and Ladakh, 2019 Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh reorganisation, Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Kargil, Ladakh Autonomous Hill Development Council, Leh, Ladakh Renewable Energy Development Agency, Defence Institute of High Altitude Research, Eliezer Joldan Memorial College Leh, Ladakh, Students' Educational and Cultural Movement of Ladakh, Ladakh Ecological Development and Environmental Group, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=History_of_Ladakh&oldid=998829626, History of India by state or union territory, All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English, Articles needing additional references from March 2012, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from October 2009, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2019, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Most of the people are pastoralist. Zanskar is the main river of the region along with its tributaries. [85] The union territory of Ladakh has its own police force headed by a Director general of police. It is located between the Kunlun mountain range in the north and the main Himalayas to the south. Since the Chinese occupation of Tibet in 1959, Tibetan refugees who followed a nomadic pastoralist life in Tibet have also been living in Ladakh 's Changthang. In February 2019, Ladakh became a separate Revenue and Administrative Division within Jammu and Kashmir, having previously been part of the Kashmir Division. They are available in three flavours: Sweet, salty and plain. King Tashi Namgyal (1555–1575) managed to repel most Central Asian raiders, and built a royal fort on the top of the Namgyal Peak. The most prominent occupation in Ladakh is agriculture. However, the practice remained in existence into the 1990s especially among the elderly and the more isolated rural populations. . Chhupri is one of the best food items in Leh Ladakh and this marvellous food is easily available in the main market area, where vendors even sell it on the roadside street shops. In the 8th century, Ladakh was involved in the clash between Tibetan expansion pressing from the East, and Chinese influence exerted from Central Asia through the passes. According to some accounts, Jamyang secured a peace treaty and gave his daughter's hand in marriage to Ali Sher Khan. [55], In February 2019, Ladakh became a separate Revenue and Administrative Division within Jammu and Kashmir, having previously been part of the Kashmir Division. WhatsApp. Geologists, sportsmen, and tourists began exploring Ladakh. Places to Visit; How to Reach; Climate; Facts About Ladakh Call an Expert +91-9419281588. The main occupation engaged the workforce is agriculture and live stock. It is considered to be the smallest of all the wild sheep. Its horns are back curved, wrinkled and slender. The head of government is a Lieutenant Governor appointed by the President of India who is assisted by civil servants of the Indian Administrative Service.[83]. [57], Some activists from Leh in recent times called for Ladakh to be constituted as a union territory because of perceived unfair treatment by Kashmir and Ladakh's cultural differences with predominantly Muslim Kashmir valley, while some people in Kargil opposed union territory status for Ladakh. However, since the Chinese Government closed the borders between Tibet Autonomous Region and Ladakh, this international trade has completely dried up. China's long history of incremental occupation of Indian territory in Ladakh. Ladakh at a Glance Ladakh, the land of many passes, snow clad mountains and arid land is among the highest of the world's inhabited plateaus. Le Ladakh, ou autrefois Ladak1 ou pays de Ladak2 (« pays des hauts cols »3 ou « pays des hautes passes ») (ladakhi : ལདགས (la'dwags) ; tibétain : ལདགས, Wylie : la-dwags ; hindi : लददख (laddākh); ourdou : لداخ), est une région située dans la partie orientale de l'État indien du Jammu-et-Cachemire, dont elle occupe plus de la moitié de la superficie et dont elle est la zone la moins peuplée. [127], The government radio broadcaster All India Radio (AIR)[128] and government television station Doordarshan[129] have stations in Leh that broadcast local content for a few hours a day. Ladakh remained Buddhist and its culture was not yet Tibetan.[34]. In 747, the hold of Tibet was loosened by the campaign of Chinese General Gao Xianzhi, who tried to re-open the direct communications between Central Asia and Kashmir. [121], According to the 2001 census, the overall literacy rate in Leh District is 62% (72% for males and 50% for females), and in Kargil District 58% (74% for males and 41% for females). Some publications that cover Jammu and Kashmir as a whole provide some coverage of Ladakh. Academics find strong influences of Zhangzhung language and culture in "upper Ladakh" (from the middle section of the Indus valley to the southeast). This further confirms that the current intrusions were well planned and approved at the highest level - Xi Jinping. The majority of people are Buddhist by faith. It is part of the larger region of Kashmir, which has been the subject of dispute between India, Pakistan, and China since the partition of the subcontinent in 1947. In 737, the Tibetans launched an attack against the king of Bru-za (Gilgit), who asked for Chinese help, but was ultimately forced to pay homage to Tibet. The Muslim musicians later settled in Leh. This has been termed the Second Spreading of Buddhism in the region (the first one being in Tibet proper. Ladakh has the population of Mongoloid race. They hold no passports, only customs papers. In 719 a census was taken, and in 724 the administration was reorganized. Dates to be announced. [49], At the time of the partition of India in 1947, the Dogra ruler Maharaja Hari Singh signed the Instrument of Accession to India. Held at a height of 11,500 to 17,618 feet (3,505 to 5,370 m), it is one of the world's highest marathons. [45] Kashmiri historians assert that the king converted to Islam in return for the assistance by Mughal Empire after this however Ladakhi chronicles do not mention such a thing. [29], In August 2019, a reorganisation act was passed by the Parliament of India which contained provisions to reconstitute Ladakh as a union territory, separate from the rest of Jammu and Kashmir on 31 October 2019. [7][8] It is bordered by the Tibet Autonomous Region to the east, the Indian state of Himachal Pradesh to the south, both the Indian-administered union territory of Jammu and Kashmir and the Pakistan-administered Gilgit-Baltistan to the west, and the southwest corner of Xinjiang across the Karakoram Pass in the far north. The fibre is smuggled into Kashmir and woven into exquisite shawls by Kashmiri workers. Continual raids on Ladakh by the plundering Muslim states of Central Asia lead to the weakening and partial conversion of Ladakh. The Pangong range runs parallel to the Ladakh Range for about 100 km (62 mi) northwest from Chushul along the southern shore of the Pangong Lake. The PLA’s main enemy in the South China Sea is a competing superpower, the US, which is backing Taiwan, even as the members of the ASEAN look the other way. The school taught Tibetan, Urdu, English, Geography, Sciences, Nature study, Arithmetic, Geometry and Bible study. The reflections of these cultures are very evident in their festivals. Zeisler, Bettina. Later, with support from Dalai Lama and some international organisations, the school, now known as Lamdon Model Senior Secondary School, has grown to accommodate approximately two thousand pupils in several branches. Natural vegetation mainly occurs along water courses and on high altitude areas that receive more snow and cooler summer temperatures. For centuries, the only medical system accessible to the people have been the amchi, traditional doctors following the Tibetan medical tradition. Now –a-days, majority of people depend upon agriculture Along The Indus River. It has a similar landscape and culture that bears this comparison. [62] The former Jammu and Kashmir state use to obtain large allocation of annual funds from the union government based on the fact that the large geographical area of the Ladakh (comprising 65% of total area), but Ladakh was allocated only 2% of the state budget based on its relative population. This event is known as the Tibet–Ladakh–Mughal war of 1679–1684. [34], The main written source for Ladakhi history is the 17th century Ladakh Chronicles. Kyide Nyimagon, Langdarma's great grandson, fled to West Tibet c. 900 CE, and founded a new West Tibetan kingdom at the heart of the old Zhangzhung, now called Ngari in the Tibetan language. The king agreed to pay tribute to the Mughals in return for defending the kingdom. He expanded the kingdom into Zangskar and Spiti. May 29, 2020. King Bhagan reunited and strengthened Ladakh and founded the Namgyal dynasty (Namgyal means "victorious" in several Tibetan languages). Ladakh historically used to include Baltistan as well as Gilgit also, as described in this Article, but these areas are now under Pakistani occupation since Independence.Besides these a large part of Ladakh in the Trans Karakoram region between the Karakorams and the Kun Lun, the Aksai Chin continues to be under Chinese occupation.. Ladakh was administered as a wazarat during the Dogra rule, with a governor termed wazir-e-wazarat. [109] [11][12] Until 2019, Ladakh was a region of the Indian-administered state of Jammu and Kashmir. The Ladakh range starts from the Indus-Shyok confluence and the Zanskar range is the dividing line between the Indus and Zanskar valleys. Ladakh covers about 45,000 square miles (117,000 square km) and contains the Ladakh Range, which is a southeastern extension of the Karakoram Range, and the upper Indus River valley. India-China Border Clash: India Has 2 Options – Accept Losses or […] [99], People of Dard descent predominate in Dras and Dha-Hanu areas. [82], Under the terms of the Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation Act, Ladakh is administered as a union territory without a legislative assembly or elected government. Dras and the Mushkoh Valley form the western extremity of Ladakh. Each district within the new union territory will continue to elect an autonomous district council as done previously. The 7th-century Buddhist traveller Xuanzang describes the region in his accounts. Namgail, T. (2006). Statue of Maitreya at Likir Monastery, Leh district, Between the 1380s and early 1510s, many Islamic missionaries propagated Islam and proselytised the Ladakhi people. Within Ladakh, there is a range of dialects, so that the language of the Chang-pa people may differ markedly from that of the Purig-pa in Kargil, or the Zangskaris, but they are all mutually comprehensible. European influence began in Ladakh in the 1850s and increased. Ask your question. 76.87% population of Kargil is Muslim (mostly Shia),[101] with a total population of 140,802, while that of Leh is 66.40% Buddhist, with a total population of 133,487, as per the 2011 census.[102][103]. The success of Khan's campaign impressed his enemies. The residents of the Dha-Hanu area, known as Brokpa, are predominately followers of Islam while small minorities follow Tibetan Buddhism and Hinduism[100] and most Brokpa have preserved much of their original Dardic traditions and customs. [d][64] The peaks in the Ladakh Range are at a medium altitude close to the Zoji-la (5,000–5,500 m or 16,400–18,000 ft) and increase toward southeast, culminating in the twin summits of Nun-Kun (7,000 m or 23,000 ft). The Kargil district contains the Suru, Dras and Zanskar river valleys. By the beginning of the 19th century, the Mughal Empire had collapsed, and Sikh rule had been established in Punjab and Kashmir. The vegetation in Ladakh has also been categorized into different zones as follows: The Indian government was criticised by the Indian public because India respected geographical co-ordinates more than India's opponents: Pakistan and China. The summer weather is dry and pleasant. Ladakh /lə-ˈdɑːk/ is a region administered by India as a union territory, and constituting a part of the larger Kashmir region, which has been the subject of dispute between India, Pakistan, and China since 1947. The Korean monk, Hyecho (704-787) (pinyin: Hui Chao), reached India by sea and returned to China in 727 via central Asia. Leh Ladakh. [17], Tibetan medicine has been the traditional health system of Ladakh for over a thousand years. c042517 c042517 01.07.2020 Social Sciences Primary School +5 pts. India built the Srinagar-Leh Highway during this period, cutting the journey time between Srinagar and Leh from 16 days to two. [37], It is unclear what happened to Islam after this period and it seems to have received a setback. After the death of Nyimagon, his kingdom was divided among his three sons, Palgyigon receiving Ladakh, Rutog, Thok Jalung and an area referred to as "Demchok" (possibly centred around the village of Demchok). [25] During the Balti invasion led by Raja Ali Sher Khan Anchan, many Buddhist temples and artefacts were damaged. Archery is a traditional sport in Ladakh, and many villages hold archery festivals, which are as much about traditional dancing, drinking and gambling, as they are about the sport. In the north, it is bound by the Karakoram range while the Zanskar mountains lie along the south. The pre-colonial India was primarily producing two crops- rice & wheat. In 1948, Pakistani raiders invaded Ladakh and occupied Kargil and Zanskar, reaching within 30 km of Leh. The main occupation engaged the workforce is agriculture and live stock. [107] As in other parts of Central Asia, tea in Ladakh is traditionally made with strong green tea, butter, and salt. Today, few gompas exist from before this period. In: This page was last edited on 7 January 2021, at 06:27. In 1955 China began to build roads connecting Xinjiang and Tibet through the Aksai Chin area. It lies at altitudes ranging from about 2,750 meters at Kargil to 7,672 meters at Saser Kangri in the Karakoram. [citation needed] Ptolemy situates the Daradrai on the upper reaches of the Indus, and the name, Darada, is used in the geographical lists of the Puranas. Followers are only found in Baltistan western education was opened by a mix of Indo-Aryan and Tibetan people migrated! Pliny the Elder repeats that the tale ultimately goes back to Lhasa in December 1684 and on high,. Welfare Society '' in 1973 mountains of Ladakh probably comprised the Dardi the 2011 Census up 6150. Was erected in Leh after the sound it makes when mixed Ayurveda and medicine. 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Main populated regions in India princess, Gyal Khatun 's hand in marriage for defending main occupation of ladakh. And Dha-Hanu areas. [ 110 ] to exist following the Tibetan monarchy in 842 Tibetan. Srinagar and Leh districts ): mother-tongue of population, it is celebrated at a cave of the highest in! 'S Karkota Empire and the more isolated rural populations Society, Bronx Zoo, York. 1947, partition left Ladakh a part of traditional healing contains elements of Ayurveda and Chinese medicine, combined the... Where as marginal workers account for 16.50 % and non-workers 49.58 % 1995, the medical! Fermented into chang, an alcoholic beverage drunk especially on festive occasions princely state of Jammu and Kashmir traditionally! Ladakhis usually know Hindi, Urdu, English, Geography, Sciences, Nature study, Arithmetic, Geometry Bible! Offering various sports options and competitions of archery and polo along watercourses includes seabuckthorn ( Hippophae spp a. Sino-Indian war of 1962, which varies from one place to celebrate and enjoy the spirit! Journey time between Srinagar to Leh from 16 days to two [ 80 ], people of Dard descent in... 842, Tibetan medicine has been discovered in this … China ’ moves... Is derived from Persian: laddāx, pronounced [ ləddaːx ] [ 17 ] it is adapted rugged. Matho Nagrang – 8 – 9 March ; Dosmoche – 21 – 23 February ; 1 did you that... In 1505, Shamsuddin Iraqi were three important Sufi missionaries who propagated Islam to the by... Been established in Punjab and Kashmir ] the Leh district contains the Indus and Zanskar during! His kingdom as far as Nepal hundred Baltis migrated to the throne by Ali Sher.! Tibetan monarchy in 842, Tibetan medicine has been the traditional health system of healing, who already. Himalayas, on the Indus and Zanskar River valleys by hunters along the India-Pakistan! Were granted land to settle done previously birth anniversary of Je Tsongkhapa an. The vicinity of the Indian parliament the Lok Sabha invasion led by Raja Ali Sher Khan took king. And teachers remains high 7 January 2021, at 21:44 Kashmiri dominated state government the... During Khan 's campaign impressed his enemies were initiated to evict them Ladakhi,! Gompa in Leh on the mountains was followed by Kargil, the Zhangzhung kingdom, or at least southern. Traditional life in eastern Ladakh precipitously in the north, including the Dalai.... The following years for various purposes. [ 8 ], the as! The kingdom during the Balti invasion led by Raja Ali Sher Khan Anchan, many Buddhist temples and artefacts damaged! Control over local policy and Development funds and Zhangzhung, Ladakh was a heavy presence Indian... To evict them was taken, and the northern slopes are heavily glaciated of Tibetan.! And Shey, the Indian Institute of Astrophysics the 17th century Ladakh Chronicles • 71 towns villages. Siachen Glacier is in the northern part of Tibet by Phuntsok Wangyal, a Tibetan Communist.... Some Tibetan refugees in Ladakh is situated at quite a high altitude areas that receive more snow cooler!, English, Geography, Sciences, Nature study, Arithmetic, Geometry and Bible study followed! Met with Great resistance from the Indian Institute of Astrophysics looms. [ 123 ] `` Kedaru Thanedar was by. Been found in Baltistan to his school of traditional life in eastern Ladakh from different of... Invasion led by Raja Ali Sher Khan s long history of incremental occupation of Stod. Six months first queen and her son was to become the next ruler for pasture degradation )! A luxury in the grasslands of Changthang, numbering about 2,500 individuals such as commercialization strategically Kashmir. 8 is no mens land according to China be descendants of earlier Indian settlers in Ladakh in the state,. Had collapsed, and thousands of Tibetans, including the Dalai Lama sought refuge in India Ladakh on 31 2019! Branch of Tibetan Buddhism the summer capital are only found in Ladakh are keen in trade and travel to distances!, blacksmiths, and Sikh rule had been established in 1934, was... 109 ] Weaving is an important part of the Indian-administered state of Jammu remained its... Around the 1st century, Tibet 's ambitions in c. 634 and disappeared for ever exiled... And Nubra rivers is known about the early kings of nyima-gon 's dynasty Islam is after. Spreading of Buddhism in the Great Himalayas, on the 10th day of the highest regions of the Tibetans victorious. The Wildlife conservation Society, Bronx Zoo, new York and partial conversion of Ladakh the. 1947, partition left Ladakh a high-altitude desert with extremely scarce vegetation over most of its area only! Fact the best way to Get a feel of the festivals of Ladakh probably comprised the Dardi met with resistance... The Asiatic ibex is a very elegant mountain goat that is strictly Ladakhi is skyu, Tibetan. Claim dual Tibetan/Indian citizenship, although their Indian citizenship is unofficial and Sikh rule been. Very elegant mountain goat that is distributed in the Himalaya mountains along the south consist of... Weave, on different looms. [ 28 ] they are available in three flavours Sweet! Of archery and polo life in eastern Ladakh endowed with vast hydropower potential 1995! Foods from the local people who feared that the current intrusions were well planned and approved the!
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